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Earth's geological layers can be divided into four main layers:
1. **Crust:** The outermost layer, where we live. It's relatively thin compared to the other layers and consists of solid rock. The continental crust is thicker and less dense than the oceanic crust.
2. **Mantle:** This layer lies beneath the crust and extends down to about 2,900 kilometers below the Earth's surface. The mantle is composed of semi-solid rock, and its upper part is known as the asthenosphere, which allows tectonic plates to move.
3. **Outer Core:** The outer core is a liquid layer composed mainly of iron and nickel. It lies beneath the mantle and extends from about 2,900 kilometers to 5,150 kilometers below the surface. The movement of the liquid metal in the outer core generates Earth's magnetic field.
4. **Inner Core:** The innermost layer of Earth, approximately 5,150 to 6,370 kilometers below the surface. It consists mainly of solid iron and nickel due to high pressure, despite the intense heat.
These geological layers play crucial roles in shaping Earth's structure, tectonic movements, and various geophysical processes.